参考文献/References:
[1] Ceriello A,Esposito K,Piconi L,et al.Oscillating glucose is more deleterious to endothelial function and oxidative stress than mean glucose in normal and type 2 diabetic patients[J].Diabetes,2008,57(5):1349-1354.DOI:10.2337/db08-0063.
[2] Yagihashi S,Mizukami H,Sugimoto K.Mechanism of diabetic neuropathy: where are we now and where to go?[J].J Diabetes Investig,2011,2(1):18-32. DOI:10.1111/j.2040-1124.2010.00070.x.
[3] Jolivalt CG, Frizzi KE, Guernsey L, et al. Peripheral neuropathy in mouse models of diabetes[J].Curr Protoc Mouse Biol,2016,6(3):223-255. DOI:10.1002/cpmo.11.
[4] Papanas N,Ziegler D.Risk factors and comorbidities in diabetic neuropathy: an Update,2015[J].Rev Diabet Stud,2015,12(1-2):48-62. DOI:10.1900/RDS.2015.12.48.
[5] Pop-Busui R,Boulton AJ,Feldman EL,et al.Diabetic neuropathy: a position statement by the American Diabetes Association[J].Diabetes Care,2017,40(1):136-154. DOI:10.2337/dc16-2042.
[6] Xu F,Zhao LH,Su JB,et al.The relationship between glycemic variability and diabetic peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes with well-controlled HbA1c[J].Diabetol Metab Syndr,2014,6(1):139. DOI:10.1186/1758-5996-6-139.
[7] Kwai NC, Arnold R, Poynten AM,et al. Association between glycemic variability and peripheral nerve dysfunction in type 1 diabetes[J].Muscle Nerve,2016,54(5):967-969.DOI:10.1002/mus.25274.
[8] Bragd J,Adamson U,Bäcklund LB,et al.Can glycaemic variability, as calculated from blood glucose self-monitoring, predict the development of complications in type 1 diabetes over a decade?[J].Diabetes Metab,2008,34(6 Pt 1):612-616.DOI:10.1016/j.diabet.2008.04.005.
[9] oupal J,krha J Jr,Fajmon M,et al.Glycemic variability is higher in type 1 diabetes patients with microvascular complications irrespective of glycemic control[J].Diabetes Technol Ther,2014,16(4):198-203.DOI:10.1089/dia.2013.0205.
[10] Virk SA, Donaghue KC,Cho YH,et al. Association between HbA1c variability and risk of microvascular complications in adolescents with type 1 diabetes[J].J Clin Endocrinol Metab,2016,101(9):3257-3263.DOI:10.1210/jc.2015-3604.
[11] Siegelaar SE,Kilpatrick ES,Rigby AS,et al. Glucose variability does not contribute to the development of peripheral and autonomic neuropathy in type 1 diabetes: data from the DCCT[J].Diabetologia,2009,52(10):2229-2232. DOI:10.1007/s00125-009-1473-x.
[12] Oyibo SO, Prasad YD, Jackson NJ,et al. The relationship between blood glucose excursions and painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a pilot study[J].Diabet Med,2002,19(10):870-873.
[13] Xu W,Zhu Y,Yang X,et al.Glycemic variability is an important risk factor for cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients[J].Int J Cardiol,2016,215:263-268.DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.04.078.
[14] Jun JE, Jin SM,Baek J,et al. The association between glycemic variability and diabetic cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes[J].Cardiovasc Diabetol,2015,14:70.DOI:10.1186/s12933-015-0233-0.
[15] Kalopita S,Liatis S,Thomakos P,et al.Relationship between autonomic nervous system function and continuous interstitial glucose measurement in patients with type 2 diabetes[J].J Diabetes Res,2014,2014:835392.DOI:10.1155/2014/835392.
[16] Jaiswal M,McKeon K,Comment N,et al.Association between impaired cardiovascular autonomic function and hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes[J].Diabetes Care,2014,37(9):2616-2621.DOI:10.2337/dc14-0445.
[17] Iwasaki S,Kozawa J,Fukui K,et al. Coefficient of variation of R-R interval closely correlates with glycemic variability assessed by continuous glucose monitoring in insulin-depleted patients with type 1 diabetes[J].Diabetes Res Clin Pract,2015,109(2):397-403.DOI:10.1016/j.diabres.2015.05.021.
[18] Sharma D,Morrison G,Joseph F,et al. The role of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy in patients with diabetic gastroparesis[J].Diabetologia,2011,54(11):2768-2770. DOI:10.1007/s00125-011-2282-6.
[19] Samsom M,Akkermans LM,Jebbink RJ,et al.Gastrointestinal motor mechanisms in hyperglycaemia induced delayed gastric emptying in type Ⅰ diabetes mellitus[J].Gut,1997,40(5):641-646.
[20] Sheen YJ,Sheu WH.Association between hypoglycemia and dementia in patients with type 2 diabetes[J].Diabetes Res Clin Pract,2016,116:279-287.DOI:10.1016/j.diabres.2016.04.004.
[21] de Galan BE,Zoungas S,Chalmers J,et al.Cognitive function and risks of cardiovascular disease and hypoglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes: the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified Release Controlled Evaluation(ADVANCE)trial[J].Diabetologia,2009,52(11):2328-2336.DOI:10.1007/s00125-009-1484-7.
[22] Pop-Busui R,Ang L,Holmes C,et al. Inflammation as a therapeutic target for diabetic neuropathies[J].Curr Diab Rep,2016,16(3):29.DOI:10.1007/s11892-016-0727-5.
[23] Monnier L,Mas E,Ginet C,et al.Activation of oxidative stress by acute glucose fluctuations compared with sustained chronic hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes[J].JAMA,2006,295(14):1681-1687.DOI:10.1001/jama.295.14.1681.
[24] Quagliaro L,Piconi L,Assaloni R,et al.Intermittent high glucose enhances apoptosis related to oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells: the role of protein kinase C and NAD(P)H-oxidase activation[J].Diabetes,2003,52(11):2795-2804.
[25] Abdelzaher LA,Imaizumi T,Suzuki T,et al.Astaxanthin alleviates oxidative stress insults-related derangements in human vascular endothelial cells exposed to glucose fluctuations[J].Life Sci,2016,150:24-31.DOI:10.1016/j.lfs.2016.02.087.
[26] Pacher P,Szabó C.Role of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 activation in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications: endothelial dysfunction, as a common underlying theme[J].Antioxid Redox Signal,2005,7(11-12):1568-1580. DOI:10.1089/ars.2005.7.1568.
[27] Zhang XG,Zhang YQ,Zhao DK,et al.Relationship between blood glucose fluctuation and macrovascular endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary heart disease[J].Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci,2014,18(23):3593-3600.